What type of heating system uses water with supply temperatures below 250 °F?

A hot water heating system is characterized by its use of water as the heat transfer medium, typically at supply temperatures below 250 °F. This allows the system to efficiently deliver heat throughout a building without operating at the higher pressures and temperatures associated with steam systems. In contrast to steam heating systems, which utilize steam at higher temperatures and pressures, a hot water heating system can operate safely and effectively within the lower temperature range specified.

Hot water systems are designed to circulate water heated in a boiler through pipes to radiators, baseboards, or other heat distribution systems, providing comfort heating in residential and commercial spaces. The lower operation temperature also contributes to increased energy efficiency and comfort, minimizing the risk of burns or overheating. Thus, the fundamental principle behind a hot water heating system is its reliance on water at lower temperatures for effective heat distribution.