Which of the following best describes air conditioning?

Air conditioning is fundamentally defined as a method of cooling and dehumidifying air. It involves the use of various components and systems to lower the temperature of the air within a space while also reducing humidity levels. This dual action not only makes indoor environments more comfortable during hot weather but also prevents excessive moisture, which can lead to issues like mold growth and discomfort.

The cooling function typically employs a refrigeration cycle that absorbs heat from the interior air and releases it outside, while the dehumidifying aspect works by cooling the air to the point where moisture condenses and is removed. This means that effective air conditioning systems are integral to maintaining a comfortable and healthy living or working environment, particularly in regions with high humidity.

The other options do not encapsulate the full functionality and purpose of air conditioning systems. While heating is an important aspect of HVAC systems, it is not a defining characteristic of air conditioning. Ventilation strategies focus on air distribution but do not specifically address the cooling and dehumidification processes that define air conditioning. Similarly, air filtration is a feature that may be included in air conditioning systems but does not describe the overall purpose or primary function of air conditioning itself.